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Harmonic minor triads

Hi Adrian and everybody,

I'm just working (no, sorry...having pleasure !) on minor harmonic scales (Minor harmonic scales boot camp).

When you explain your choice about the harmonic minor triads, do you mean that using for example Dm and A7(b9) is a solution to use only the notes "stored" in the Dm harmonic scales, not to get some friction because of the 1.5 tone interval ? Is it correct ? What about other possibilities ? Thank you for your answer, with a good musical week for everybody.

Isabelle (France)

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Adrian Cunningham
Adrian Cunningham
Feb 03, 2025

Hi Isabelle,

thanks for the message. You are correct that the A7(b9) apreggio is contained within the D Harmonic Minor scale, and if we use it over a Dm chord, it implies the 5 Chord and can add some tension. And yes, the 1.5 interval, because it's a larger interval, adds a little more tension or interest. Of course, your ears will be your best judge in these cases. How does it sound to you? Do you like the tension? Let your ears guide you.

On page 15-17, you can find many musical examples of this sound.. play through them and see which ones you like.


And yes, there are many, many other possibilities with minor chords, and this is just one "sonic choice", albeit a very important one!

Flute mics & amps

Wondering about any advice with flute mics & amps. I'm playing in a jazz ensemble with about 7 members... with 2 guitars, bass, piano, vibes, and tenor, and the flute often gets lost in the mix. I'm not typically playing in a club environment; typically music school or occasionally mostly-acoustic jam. I see that there are options for smaller or quieter spaces, with mics attached to the flute and small amps ..any ideas, suggestions, and experiences are welcome. Thanks, Paul

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Adrian Cunningham
Adrian Cunningham
Jan 09, 2025

I agree with Kaleem on this one- I love a good old SM58- it’s not sensitive like a condenser- and has a good balanced frequency response. The other bonus is that nearly every venue has one, so it’s a consistent sound for you.

If you’re in a jazz ensemble- you’ll need a mic.

My rule of thumb is that the flute should be treated like vocals. If a vocalist needs a mic in a certain situation- so should you.

It might be worth investing in a small amp/powered speaker so you can always be in control of your sound!

Blue Bossa/Kenny Dorham

my first attampt to improvise. The lead sheets for the nelody amd playbacksare from The Jazz Academy. (the dound is not so good. Sorry).

i"ll appreciate building comments. Thank you, Orel.



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Orel Koren
Orel Koren
Jun 26, 2023

Thanks. working now on the improvisation lessons, so i hope I'll get the structurs and the chords and scales right. Love the lessons.

The Nearness Of You/Hoagh Carmichael



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Adrian Cunningham
Adrian Cunningham
Jun 13, 2023

Hi Orel,

you have a lovely sound on the flute! A very clear, round tone that sounds great on a ballad like this. Congrats to you for all your hard work so far!!

The vibrato is coming along really well. My main thought is just to keep doing what you're doing, and you will continue to develop the more you practice and play..

Regarding the "smiling"- it's great that you are aware of it.. I don't think it's a huge issue at this stage.. the only advice I might give is to suggest remember to relax/minimize tension in your embouchure, and to always remember to visualize your sound coming from your diaphragm.. that's the core of your sound and support.

I hope that helps..

keep on keeping on!

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